Translation of "حدا" in English

وعلاوة على ذلك حدا التغيير الكاسح الذي رافقته الحداثة والعولمة بالعديد من المسلمين إلى اعتبار الغرب معاديا لتقاليد الإسلام

Moreover, the sweeping change brought by modernity and globalization led many Muslims to view the West as hostile to the traditions of Islam.

ثم وقعت أحداث 11 سبتمبر 2001 واستمر هؤلاء المتطرفون في مساعيهم الرامية إلى ارتكاب أعمال العنف ضد المدنيين الأمر الذي حدا بالبعض في بلدي إلى اعتبار الإسلام معاديا لا محالة ليس فقط لأمريكا وللبلدان الغربية وإنما أيضا لحقوق الإنسان

- The attacks of September 11th, 2001 and the continued efforts of these extremists to engage in violence against civilians has led some in my country to view Islam as inevitably hostile not only to America and Western countries, but also to human rights.
- The attacks of September 11th, 2001 and the continued efforts of these extremists to engage in violence against civilians has led some in my country to view Islam as inevitably hostile not only to the United States and Western countries, but also to human rights.